Adam+and+Jonny

Group: Spoons Members: Lazza (Pirate_pete) Jonny ( BabyGravyFairy) Lauren (Laurennnnn) Sammie (xsammiiie) Karis (Karis16) Work:

 __ Chapter One. __ 


What are the main three raw materials used to make iron?  The main three raw materials used to make iron are processed iron ore, coke and limestone.  Where do the raw materials come from and how are they transported to the plant? The raw materials come from Major producers in Australia, Brazil and China; they are transported to the plant by ship How and why are the raw materials processed before they are used in the blast furnace?  Iron ore, coke and limestone are dumped into the top of the furnace, and preheated air is blown into the bottom, this is used because to extract the gases from the materials and also gets rid of the unnecessary products. What role does each of these three raw materials play in the iron-making process? Iron ores role is the metal, coke and oxygen reacts together forming carbon monoxide and limestone is used to remove impurities. What can you say about the ecological effects of using these raw materials (for the country where they come from and for the means of transportation)?  How can the bad side effects be reduced? Instead of taking the raw materials to other countries to be changed into the thing they will be used for, take them to the ones that will be using them to reduce pollution.

Why is scrap used? Instead of finding more iron ore and using up resources, scraps of iron can be recycled to make steel.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using scrap in t he steel making process ? Using scrap is an advantage to the environment because it does not use up as many resources, but it is also a disadvantage because the scrap has to be transported to wherever the steel plant.

__Chapter Two__ What will the remaining temerature be in the hot metal mixture? When 1kg of carbon is oxidised it generates 11.7MJ

Out of the 4.55kg of carbon in the mixture only 4.5kg gets oxidised because 0.05kg becomes part of the steel.

so 4.5 x 11.7 = 52.65MJ

45% of that leaves as waste energy leaving 55% behind this as a decimal is 0.055 so 0.055 x 52.65 = **28.96Mj left by C** When all the oxidations took place ( including fe, si & mn) there was 70.76Mj energy released. Energy from oxidation from these 3= 8.16 + 8.47 + 1.48 = 18.11Mj Add this to heat from the carbon that is not lost = 18.11 + 28.96 = 47.07Mj

The heat calculated from the reaction once we lost heat by losing hot gasses like carbon dioxide. = 47.07Mj

Starting temperature of the mixture 1350 Degree's celcius 47.07Mj of extrea heat is released = 47070000j of energy divided the energy to heat 1kg of steel by 1 degree. = 68217.4 but there are 93Kg of steel is produced so: 68217.4 / 93 = 733.5 degrees increase so the final temperature = 1350 (start temperature) + 733.5 = 2083.5 degrees celsuis.

How much energy is needed to melt 1Kg of scrap and then heat it to 1650 degrees?

Start with the scarp at a temperature of 20 degrees. This means we need to heat it by 1650 - 20 = 1630 degrees energy required to heat 1Kg of steel by 1 degrees is 690J. So, 1630 x 690 = 1124700joules of energy is required to heat the scrap. but in doing this, we also need to take it through its melting point and turn it into a liquid. This needs more energy again! latent heat ( energy needed to melt 1kg) = 271kj = 27100/Kg 1124700 +271000 =1395700J is needed to heat the scrap. 1395700 / 1000 = 1395.7kj.