G3T+group1

=Hello everybody!!=

Members of this group are: >
 * Eelco de Jong
 * Dorus Konijn
 * Elaine Pieterse
 * Merel Paes
 * Anne Tuijp
 * Annemiek Silven

- Iron ore - Coal - Limestone
 * __Question 1: What are the main three raw materials used to make iron?__**

The coal comes from mines in the VS, Canada, Venezuela, India, Australia, Poland, and other countries. It's transported by ship to the harbour in IJmuiden. Iron ore comes from mines in Canada, Brazil, Venezuela, India, Australia and Sweden and is also transported by ship. Limestone comes from tropical areas but also from the Netherlands itself, especially from Limburg. It's transported by ship from the tropical areas and by train from the areas in Limburg. Very little coal is used directly in the blast furnace to make iron. Most of the coal is packed into sealed ovens and heated strongly until it decomposes. This produces coke, a much purer form of carbon than coal. Coke has three important jobs in the blast furnace: Much of the ore that comes to the steelworks is in a finely ground state. In this condition, the ore is difficult to handle without creating dust that can be wasteful and polluting. Heating a mixture of this loose material with fine coke from the ovens makes a much coarser material called sinter. Sinter is fed into the top of the blast furnace as well as coarse lumps of coke, limestone and iron ore.
 * __Question 2: Where do the raw materials come from and how are they transported to the plant?__**
 * __Question 3: How and why are the raw materials processed before they are used to blast the furnace?__**
 * it burns to give the very high temperatures required for blast furnace reactions
 * it produces the carbon monoxide gas that reduces the ore to iron
 * it is strong and supports the column of raw materials in the furnace. This allows reactive gases to pass through the furnace.

The heated air causes the coke combustion, which provides the heat and carbon sources for iron production. The iron ore melts and the ore is separated from the iron, due to the fact that it flows on the iron. To reach this effect, limestone is added to react with and remove the acidic impurities, called slag, from the molten iron. The limestone-impurities mixtures float to the top of the molten iron. __**Question 5: Why is scrap used?**__ Scrap is used because it is cheaper and better for nature to re-use materials. It is cheaper because you don't need to dig out raw materials and mix them, you can just melt it again and it's useable. It is better for nature because you don't need to dig out raw materials which are in the ground. And digging them out could damage nature.
 * __Question 4: What role does each of these three raw materials play in the iron-making process?__**

//(think for example of temperature control, composition control and production volume)// Advantages: You can recycle old steel, so less new material has to be used. There can be made more steel out of less iron ore. Disadvantages: It's harder to control the temperature, because the scrap is cold. It's also harder to control the composition, because the scrap may be unpure. Therefore the steel can become weaker.
 * __Question 6: What are the advantages and the disadvantages of using scrap in the steel making process?__**



//This is our glossary =) Only meant for our group!!!!!!!!// __Raw materials__: Material that can be converted by manufacture, treatment etc. into a new and useful product. __Blast furnace__: A furnace, especially for converting iron ore into iron, in which combustion is forced by a current of air under pressure. __Refractory__: A heat-resisting ceramic material. __Ladle__: A vessel for carrying molten metal in a foundry. __Converter__: The furnace used in the Bessemer process of steel-making or a device employing mechanical rotation to change electrical energy from one form to another. __Slag__: Waste matter from the smelting of metal ores. __Scrap__: Used steel useful for reprocessing. __Combustion__: The process of burning. __Metallurgy installation__: An installation where a chemical composition is adapted to the required composition and temperature. __Continuous casting__: A refinement of the casting process for the continuous, high-volume production of metal sections with a constant cross-section. __Tundish__: A reservoir in the top part of a mould into which hot metal is poured. __Mould__: A cavity, dish or form in which a substance is shaped. __Inclusion__: A non-metallic particle, a foreign body enclosed in a mass. __Solidify__: To become solid. __Slab of steel__: A large thick flat piece or slice of steel. __Coil of steel__: A length of steel gathered into a series of loops. __Waste separation__: To make a distinction between waste.