G3t+group2

We are group 2 from G3T. Our names are: Liesbeth, Lisanne, Ellen, Marleen, Janneke and Charlotte. __Steel Glossary__


 * raw materials =** grondstof
 * blast furnace =** blaasoven
 * refractory =** moeilijk smeltbaar
 * ladle =** schoep
 * converter =** omvormer
 * slag =** (metaal) slak
 * scrap =** vod, overblijfsel
 * combustion =** verbranding
 * metallurgy installation =** metaalkunde installering
 * continuous casting =** onafgebroken loden
 * tundish =** vergaarbak
 * mould =** gietvorm
 * inclusion =** insluiting
 * solidify =** hard maken
 * slab of steel =** stalen plaat
 * coil of steel =** stalen spoel
 * waste seperation =** afvalscheiding

__Calculate the mass (kg) of each element__

100 kg hot metal:

0.949 * 100 = 94.9 kg Fe 0.0455 * 100 = 4.55 kg C 0.0025 * 100 = 0.25 kg Si 0.0030 * 100 = 0.3 kg Mn

__How many kg of each element are oxidised (take Fe-efficiency into account) of the 100 kg hot metal?__

Kg oxidised: 2% of the Fe = 0.02 * 94.9 = 1.898 kg 4.55 - 0.05 = 4.5 kg C 0.25 - 0.0 = 0.25 kg Si 0.3 - 0.1 = 0.2 kg Mn

Energy: 1.898 * 4.3 = 8.1614 MJ 4.5 * 11.7 = 52.65 MJ 0.25 * 33.9 = 8.475 MJ 0.2 * 7.4 = 1.48 MJ

__How many kg of steel are produced?__

100 kg hot metal gives 100 - 1.898 - 4.5 - 0.25 - 0.2 = 100 - 6.848 = 93.152 kg steel

__Calculate the amount of energy that is generated during the process?__

Energy produced per 100 kg metal: 8.1614 + 52.65 + 8.475 + 1.48 = 707664 MJ

__How much energy is used in natural gas a year per household?__

One household uses 32 * 2000 = 64000 MJ

__The energy produced from how many kg of hot metal is equilavent to the energy used in natural gas of one household?__

This is equilavent to: 64000 / 707664 * 100 = 90438 kg hot metal = 90.4 ton hot metal

__If 45 % of the heat generated by the C combustions will leave the process through the waste gases what will be the temperature of the liquid steel?__

Energy produced per 100 kg hot metal for heating steel: 8.1614 + (0.55 * 52.65) + 8.475 + 1.48 = 47.0739 MJ Temperature increase is 47.0739 * 1000000 / 690 / 93.152 = 732.3841 degrees Celsius Steel temperature would be 1350 + 732.4 = 2082.4 degrees Celsius

__If we want to melt 1 kg of scrap and heat it to 1650 degrees Celsius how much energy is required?__

1 kg of scrap melting + heating: (271 * 1000 x 1 kg) + ((1650 - 20 x 1 kg) * 690) = 1395700 J = 1.3957 MJ

__How many kg of scrap can be melted with the 100 kg of hot metal making steel of 1650 degrees Celsius?__

100 kg of hot metal generate 93.152 kg of steel of 1650 degrees Celsius needs: 93.152 * 690 * (1650 - 1350) = 19.282464 MJ Kg of scrap that can be melted and heated up to 1650 degrees Celsius is: (47.0739 - 19.282464) / 1.3957 = 19.91218 kg of scrap

__How many kg of steel are produced?__

Total amount of steel produced is 93.251 + 19.91218 = 113.0642 kg of steel

__If we want to make 320 tons of this steel how many tons of hot metal and scrap are required?__

For 320 ton we need: 320 / 113.0642 * 93.152 = 263.64 ton of hot metal 320 / 113.0642 * 19.91218 = 56.36 ton of scrap

__How many cubic meters of steel are that?__

320 ton steel with density 7000 kg/cubic metres = 7 ton/cubic metres Gives 320 / 7 = 45.71 cubic metres

__Suppose a steel ladle has an internal diameter of 4 meters. What is the required height of the ladle if the steel surface must be 50 cm below the top of the ladle?__

Surface of ladle bottom = pi ro squared = 3.1415 * (4 / 2)squared = 12.57 squared metres Ladle height = 0.5 + 45.71 / 12.75 = 4.14 metres


 * Because we couldn'n insert some symbols (like squared, cubic, pi and ro) we wrote them as a whole.**