Chapter1

 **//Chapter One//** ** The three main materials used to make iron are;  **  ·  Iron Ore  ·  Coke  ·  Limestone **These three raw materials come from; **  ·  Main producers of **Iron Ore** China, Brazil, Australia and India. The main way of transporting this raw material is by shipping and by train.  ·  There are lots of main producers of **Coke** including England as Coke is crushed down coal, where it can be transported by train.  ·  Again there are lots of main producers of **Limestone** including England as it can be found at Limestone quarry in England which will be transported by train. ** These materials have to be processed before they have been used; they have been processed in the following ways; **  ·  Coke is the only raw material that needs to be processed and produced as it is not found naturally, as carbon is. Coke is derived from bituminous coal which is baked in an airless brick kiln (oven) at temperatures as high as 1,000 degrees Celsius to drive off water, coal gas and coal tar so that the fixed carbon and residual ash are fused together to form Coke, once the baking process is complete the Coke is doused with water to instantly cool it. ** Each of these raw materials plays a part in the iron-making process by ;**  ·  ** Iron Ore ** – is the main pure element.  ·  ** Limestone ** – helps to melt all the impurities in the blast furnace.  ·  ** Coke **  - helps to make the furnace heat at a higher temperature. The ecological effect of using these raw materials is not very environmentally friendly as most of the raw materials come from India and lots of transportation takes place, releases lots of Carbon Dioxide which adds increasingly to the Carbon footprint. The side effects of Carbon Dioxide emissions into the atmosphere need to be reduced. To reduce this side-effect the raw materials should come from a nearer place than India to England so less transport is needed.